As opposed to plans developed in an atmosphere where broad, grandiose objectives are set at the top of the organization, effective plans are “bottom up,” cross-functional plans that have consensus at the operating level. Effective plans embody the following characteristics:
- They are based on a vision of the future
- They are focused on customer needs
- Everybody is involved and informed
- Goals are integrated at each level to support the vision, and to ensure that one area’s plans complement those of other areas
- Every objective supports the overall plan goals and vision
- Specific responsibilities are assigned to people to ensure that planned actions are implemented and that progress is being monitored
- There are scheduled progress reviews
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